初中英语综合型试题

On February 9th，2013，Sarah Darling was walking along the street when she met a homeless man named Billy Ray Harris．She reached into her change purse，emptied out all the coins she had and gave them to the homeless man．Neither of them realized that this small generous act（举动） would change their lives．

Sarah didn't realize that she had given Billy not only all her change but also her diamond ring that she had put in her change purse earlier until the next morning．She and her husband，Bill Krejci，rushed to see if they could find Billy．The homeless man was not only in the same place，but also immediately returned the ring．The grateful couple paid him back for his honesty by emptying out their pockets of all the money they had．

Bill Krejci，a web designer，felt that he needed to do something more for this amazingly

honest man．So on February 18th，he set up a special page（网页） to raise money for him．In just

four days，Billy received over ＄85，000 and there seems to be no end yet．

That is not enough．Billy is living with a person who is generous instead of living in the streets．And that's not all﹣Thanks to the news report，he got together again with his older brother，Edwin Harris who he had been unable to find for 27 years．

All the good luck is just because Billy did the right thing﹣returning something that did

not belong to him．

66．When did Sarah realize that she had also given Billy her diamond ring 　　？

A．	On February 9th，2013．
B．	On February l0th，2013．
C．	On February 18th，2013．
D．	On February 22nd 2013．

67．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage 　　？

A．	Billy is living with a generous person．
B．	Billy has found his brother．
C．	Billy bought a diamond ring．

D．Billy appeared in the news report．

68．The underlined word"That"in Paragraph 4refers to（指代）" 　　"．

A．	returning the ring
B．	setting up a page
C．	living in the streets
D．	receiving money

69．What's the main idea of this passage 　　

A．	A generous woman changed her own life．
B．	A kind man set up special page．
C．	A homeless man returned diamond ring．
D．	Many people donated much money．

70．From this story，we know that 　　．

A．	helping others is helping ourselves
B．	helping those in trouble is sometimes not necessary
C．	life is not that easy
D．	we should always help old people．

Ganluyuan Tongren

MENU

SOUPS

Tofu soup￥8.00   Bone soup￥12.00   Chicken soup￥20.00

STAPLES

Fried rice￥10.00   Fried noodles￥10.00     Hot dog￥4.00 Rice￥2.00

Meat pie￥10.00   Sandwich￥10.00   Hamburger￥10.00

MAIN COURSES

Roast chicken￥30.00   Italian pizza￥9.00   Indian curries￥15.00

Pork and cabbage￥15.00   Cheese pie￥10.00   Beef￥15.00

Beijing Roast Duck￥50.00 Sausage￥15.00

DESSERTS

Fruit salad￥8.00   Apple pie￥8.00         Ice cream￥3.00

Pear pancake．￥9.00

DRINKS

Coke￥8.00   Coffee￥15.00   Tea￥7.00 Lemon juice￥6.00

Apple juice￥3.00   Beer￥17.00   Wine￥30.00

Milk￥3.00   

Thanks for coming!

Tel：0856﹣5223748

56．What kind of soup can you have in this restaurant？ 　　

A．	Vegetable soup
B．	Egg soup
C．	Bone soup
D．	Fish soup

57．How many kinds of staples are there in this restaurant？ 　　

A．	7．
B．	8．
C．	9．
D．	10．

58．If you want to have a kind of dessert and a drink，how much will you pay at least？ 　　

A．	￥7.00．
B．	￥9.00．
C．	￥8.00．
D．	￥6.00．

59．If you have fourteen yuan，what can you buy in this restaurant？ 　　

A．	Five ice creams．
B．	A bottle of beer．
C．	An apple pie and a pear pancake．

D．A sandwich and a hot dog．

60．Which is TRUE according to the"MENU"？ 　　

A．	If you have only￥20.00，you can buy Beef and Fried rice．
B．	Ganluyuan Restaurant only serves traditional Chinese food．
C．	The cheapest main course is Italian pizza．
D．	If you want to order food，you can send an﹣email．

（1） 　　The most unusual museum in London is the Science Museum．In most museums，there's no shouting and no running，and people aren't allowed to touch the exhibits（陈设品）．But the Science Museum is different．It's noisy！People can talk about what they will see and do there，and some of the machines are noisy as well．

（2） 　　When I visit the Science Museum，I go to the launch pad（发射台）．This is the most popular room because there are lots of physics tests．We can also learn how astronauts travel into space and back again here．I'm really interested in those kinds of things，so it is my favorite room．

（3） 　　On the second floor there is Human and Nature room．We can compare our speed with animals there．If we aren't quick enough，the lion will catch us！There are also rooms on transport，the environment and space technology，as well as math，physics and chemistry．

（4） 　　We can do a lot of things in this museum，but we have to obey some rules as well．

For example，we mustn't take photos of the exhibits in the museum．But we can buy postcards of them in the museum shops．

（5） 　　Most important of all，the Science Museum is free．That means we can drop by for a few minutes or we can stay as long as we like﹣﹣it's open from 10：00 a．m．to 6：00 p．m．

every day except Monday．So if you go to London，make sure you visit the Science Museum．It's my favorite museum in the whole world．

（a）根据短文内容，从方框中选出每段的主旨大意．（5分）

A． The museum rules B． The most popular room C． A noisy museum D． Many different rooms E．A free museum

（b）根据短文内容，完成博物馆游客须知．（每空不超过两个词）（5分）

The Science Museum in （1） 　 　 Opening times：10：00 a．m．﹣﹣6：00p．m．every day except （2） 　　． Fees（费用）：It's （3） 　　！ Stay inside as long as you like！ Rules：Don't （4） 　　of the exhibits．You can buy postcards of them． You can （5） 　　what you see and do．Don't worry about making noises．

An eight﹣year﹣old girl named Tina heard her parents talking about her little brother． All she knew was that he was very sick and they had no money． When she heard her dad say to her mom， "Only a miracle（奇迹）can save him now"， Tina went to her bedroom and took all her money out of a small box and counted it carefully． Then she made her way six blocks to the local drugstore（药店）．

"And what do you want？ "asked the owner of the store．

"It's for my little brother． "Tina answered． "He's really， really sick and I want to buy a miracle． His name is Mike and he is two years younger than me． Now he has something bad growing inside his head and my dad says only a miracle can save him．

"We don't sell miracles here， child． I'm sorry， "the owner said， smiling sadly at Tina．

In the store there was a well﹣dressed customer． He asked Tina． "What kind of miracle does your brother need？

"I don't know， "she replied． "He's really sick and my mom says he needs an operation （手术），But my dad can't pay for it ，so i have brought all my him．"

"How much do you have？"asked the man．

"One dollar and seven cents， but I can try and get some more， "she answered quietly．

" Well， what a coincidence （巧合）， smiled the man． "One dollar and seven centsthe exact price of a miracle for a little brother． Take me to where you live． I want to see your brother and meet your parents．

That well﹣dressed man was Carlton Armstrong， a famous doctor．The operation was completed without money． Two weeks later， Mike became well and was home again．

Tina was happy． She knew exactly how much the miracle cost_ one dollar and seven centsand the faith（信念） of a little child．

（1）Why did Tina go to the drugstore？ Because she wanted to 　　．

A．	visit her brother
B．	see a doctor
C．	buy a miracle
D．	buy some medicine

（2）Which of the following is not true according to the passage？ 　　

A．	The operation was free．
B．	Tina had less than 2 dollars
C．	The owner of the drugstore couldn't help Tina．
D．	There was something wrong with Mike's heart

（3）What do you think of Carlton Armstrong 　　

A．	He's mean
B．	He's honest
C．	He's shy
D．	He's kind

（4）The passage mainly tells us the importance of 　　．

A．	faith
B．	wealth
C．	knowledge
D．	communication

Dubai （迪拜） is a good place to travel to． There， you can find many tall buildings， taste lots of delicious food and experience some interesting things．Have you ever been to this city？ If you go to Dubai during the summer holiday， you may see a special kind of"taxi"． It is a drone （无人机）． It flies in the sky by itself！ It is said that Dubai plans to use Chinese﹣made drones as a self ﹣flying air taxi in July．

The drone taxi is named EHang 184． A Chinese company（公司）made it． The city of Dubai will start using it in July． It will be the world's first passenger drone， according to Yahoo News．

The drone taxi can fly up to 3， 500 meters high． It can fly at a top speed of 160 kilometers an hour． It can only take one person．

How do you call an EHang1842 You use its app（应用程序） on your phone． When the drone comes， you choose the place you want to go to on a touch screen． There is no pilot in the drone．But some people on the ground will be watching it． They will make sure your trip is safe． You don't have to worry about it．

EHang 184's battery（电池） can only keep about 30 minutes， So it cannot take you further than 50 kilometers．

Would you like to take a trip in this flying drone？ Don't wait． Let's go!

（1）EHang 184 was made by a（n） 　　company，

A．	Dubai's
B．	American
C．	Japanese
D．	Chinese

（2）Which statement （陈述） about EHang 184 is correct？ 　　

A．	There is a pilot in it．
B．	Its battery can keep around half an hour．
C．	It can fly up to 4， 500 kilometers．
D．	The trip in it isn't safe．

（3）Where may we find this article？ 　　

A．	On the Internet．
B．	In a guide book．
C．	In a story book．
D．	In a novel．

（4）What's the best title of the passage？ 　　

A．	The Exciting Vacation
B．	The Special Trip
C．	The Drone Taxi
D．	The Computer Company

In South Korea， many schools hire English teachers from abroad， but as you know， there are not so many English native teachers in South Korea． A team of engineers has created a robot that they hope will take the place of foreign teachers．

Robots will save schools money．The cost to build a robot and hire a Filipino teacher to work with it is around ﹩20，000 a year． That is about half the cost of supporting a foreign teacher in South Korea． What's more， robot teachers can make students have more fun learning English．

The robot teacher is called Engkey．She is about one meter tall and is white，egg﹣shaped．She takes a screen as her face． She can move around the classroom while speaking to students， reading books to them and dancing to music by moving her head and arms． So this robot is more than a video screen on wheels． But Engkey's voice is not her own． They are controlled by English teachers in the Philippines （菲律宾）．There is a camera in each of the robot teachers． With the help of the camera， English teachers in the Philippines can see and hear the students．

Engkey's creators say that they don't know how successful the robot is as a teacher now． But they hope that some day all schools in South Korea will have a robot in the classroom．

根据短文内容，选择最佳选项．

（1）According to Paragraph 1， there aren't enough 　　in South Korea．

A．	great engineers
B．	foreign English teachers
C．	English books
D．	smart robots

（2）What are the advantages of robot teachers？ 　　

A．	Save schools money and make classes fun．
B．	Save schools money and hire a Filipino teacher．
C．	Catch people's attention and make classes fun．
D．	Catch people's attention and save schools money．

（3）What's the cost of hiring two English teachers from abroad in South Korea a year？ 　　

A．	﹩10，000．
B．	﹩20，000．
C．	﹩40，000．
D．	﹩80，000．

（4）Which one is NOT true about Engkey according to the passage？ 　　

A．	She is white， egg﹣shaped and has a screen face．
B．	She can speak and her voice is her own．
C．	English teachers in the Philippines control her by using a camera．
D．	She moves around the classroom on wheels．

Imagine a perfect day： the weather is good and everything seems fine． When， suddenly， your mobile phone loses its signal， the television has no programs， and you can't get online with your computer．

What has happened？ These are just the types of problems a solar storm（太阳风 暴）might cause． You may not think of storms as putting our society in danger． But today， a solar storm is as serious as other bad events， such as earthquakes．

A solar storm is caused by solar flares（太阳耀斑）： large explosions（爆炸）near the sun that can give off lots of energy． The strong energy can stop the satellite systems（卫星系统）that control our computers， telecom networks and so on． These storms can even cause the power to go out for weeks or months．

In the past few months， scientists have recorded some of the strongest sun flares in years． The most recent one happened around Valentine's Day， 2011． It caused radio and satellite signals to go down in some northern cities in China．

"Solar flare activity is going to be much worse than what we've seen in the past． We're not talking about a few cities losing power， it could be half of the country， maybe more．" SolarStorm Warning．com， a US website about space weather， warned．

Scientists say that little can be done to predict such a storm． Governments around the world are trying to work together before the next storm， although they are not sure when that may happen．

根据短文内容，选择最佳选项，并在答题卡上将选定的答案字母标号涂黑．

（1）According to the passage， a solar storm can cause many problems EXCEPT that 　　．

A．	earthquakes happen
B．	mobile phones have no signals
C．	people cannot get online
D．	the power may go out

（2）According to the passage， solar flares are 　　．

A．	telecom networks
B．	solar storms
C．	large explosions near the sun
D．	US websites

（3）From the passage， the right order of the following is 　　．

a．solar flares give off lots of energy

b．people can't get online with their computers

c．solar storms happen

d．satellite systems are stopped

A．	a﹣b﹣c﹣d
B．	a﹣c﹣d﹣b
C．	c﹣a﹣b﹣d
D．	c﹣b﹣a﹣d

（4）The writer wrote the passage mainly to 　　．

A．	call for scientists to predict when the next solar storm will happen
B．	tell people how to solve the problems caused by solar storms
C．	introduce what solar storms are to people
D．	ask people to work to prevent the solar storm from happening

（5）In Paragraph 1， the underlined word "signal" means 　　．

A．	电池
B．	标志
C．	力量
D．	信号

Sharing means using what we have with others．One small action of sharing may change someone's world．When we were children，we were too young to understand the true meaning of sharing．We thought only the rich were able to share．As time goes by，we get to know every person is unique．We all have something special．We can share not only our pocket money but also our personal feelings．For instance，we can share our positive attitude with those who are negative or upset．Encourage them to keep going by describing a bright future for them．Let them know we are with them and that the world is still wonderful．Once we decide to share with others，we should take action immediately．By doing this，we will get more and more pleasure．

任务1：阅读短文，根据英文释义及首字母提示拼写单词．

71．u 　 　being the only one of its kind．

72．d 　 　to say what somebody or something is like．

任务2：阅读短文，进行同义句转换，每空一词．

When we were children，we were too young to understand the true meaning of sharing．

When we were children，we （73） 　 　（74） 　 　enough to understand the true meaning of sharing．

任务3：根据短文内容简答问题．

What may change someone's world？

75． 　 　．

After months of study，you have some time to relax．So，why not read a book？Well，some people will say，"Why trouble with books？We have the Internet and other media（媒体）that offer a lot more colorful programs．Books are history!"But don't be fooled．There's still a lot to be said for reading．①One clear reason is that a well﹣chosen      is a wonderful collection of      and expressions，as long as you have a good dictionary，of course．Believe me，it's far easier to get standard English than from the TV or the Internet．② But an even more important point is that books give you something that modern media cannot．The webpage is always full of pictures and the text is often designed to make it as easy to read as possible．Though"easy"may be welcome，unluckily it's of little use for any long﹣time development of reading skills and the general language level．For that，there's still no substitute（替代品） for a book．But perhaps the best reason is that simply choosing what you read and doing it by yourself means that it's something you do by and for yourself．You can choose what you want to read．It's hard work，but while you are reading，you'll find that what once seemed like a duty is now a pleasure．Reading can bring us pleasure．

78．请在①句空白处各填入一个适当的词． 　　

79．请将②处划线句子译成汉语．

　　

80．How many reasons for reading books does the text mention？

　　

81．请在文中找出与所给句子意思相近的句子．It's nearly useless．

　　

82．请在文中找出最能表达文章主题的句子．

　　．

Time spent in a bookshop can be enjoyable．If you go to a good shop，no assistant will come near to you and say．"Can I help you？"You needn't buy anything you don't want．You may just try to find out where the book you want is and read it．But if you fail，the assistant will lead you there and then he will go away．① It seems that he is not interested in selling any books at all．

There is a story which tells us about a good shop．A medical student found a very useful book in the shop．② But it was too expensive for him to buy．He couldn't get it from the school library，either．So every afternoon，he went there to read a little at a time．One day，However，he couldn't find the book from its usual place and was leaving when he saw an assistant singing to him．To his③    ，the assistant pointed to the book in the corner．"I put it there so that it couldn't be sold out．"said he assistant．Then he left and the student went on with his reading．

81．将文中①处画线句子翻译成汉语． 　　

82．将文中②处画线句子改写为同义句． 　

83．根据短文内容，在文中③处填入恰当的词． 　　．

84．Where was the book that the student was looking for？ 　　

85．What do you think of the assistant？ 　　．

Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173people living in Nuevo Saposoa，a small village in Peru，South America．However，things went from bad to worse in March 2015after heavy rains damaged the only power cables in the area．The villagers were forced to use oil lamps，which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce．

Luckily，researchers at the University of Technology （UT） in Lima，Peru heard about their problem and found a wonderful solution．They made a lamp that can be powered by plants and soil，both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies．The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb．

While that may sound amazing and even impossible，the science behind the ides is quite simple．As plants create their food （using the sun's energy，water and chemicals from the soil），they also produce waste which they return to the soil．Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons﹣the building blocks of electrical energy．The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to capture the energy and keep it in the lamp's batteries for later use．The researchers say a single charge can power a 50﹣watt Led light for two hours﹣enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done．

The university gave ten Plant Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015．So far，they have been a huge success!Elmer Ramirez，the UT professor who invented the lamp，believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people，especially small rainforest communities，42% of whom have no electricity．

（1）What are the problems of oil lamps according to Paragraph 1？ 　　

A．	They are difficult to use and create pollution
B．	They are expensive to buy and easily damaged
C．	They are difficult to repair and produce little light
D．	They are expensive to use and can be bad for health

（2）The electricity made by the Plant Lamp comes from 　　．

A．	plant food
B．	plant waste
C．	the soil's heat
D．	the sun's energy

（3）What is true about the Plant Lamp？ 　　

A．	It can be made by local people
B．	It is much easier to use than oil lamps
C．	It can produce all the electricity the village need
D．	The things it needs to make electricity are easy to find

（4）The Plant Lamp's inventor believes it could be most helpful for 　　．

A．	rainforest communities
B．	cars
C．	poor people in cities
D．	farmers

（5）What is the purpose of the passage？ 　　

A．	To report on a new invention
B．	To explain a new scientific theory
C．	To describe how electricity is made
D．	To discuss the problems of poor villages．

It may be hard to believe，but the American Revolution（革命）﹣the war that freed the American states from British control﹣began over a cup of tea．Tea was not the only thing that caused the war，of course，but it played a very big part．

The British people's love of tea is well﹣known．When the British won control over mush of North America in the early 1700s，they brought their tea﹣drinking habits with them．Tea quickly became the continents most popular drink．As tea could not be grown locally，just as in Britain，it was shipped into the country﹣mostly from India．

In the early 1700s，the Britain government made a special deal with the East India Company，as an English trading company．They agreed that no other company was allowed to bring tea to Britain or any country controlled by Britain，including America．It was a great deal for the East India Company，since it meant that the company could decide whatever price it wanted for its products．And it always decided on a high price!

In North America，the local people did not like having to pay such high prices．Instead of overpaying for tea from the British，they turned to Dutch traders，who secretly brought tea to the country that was just as good﹣and much less expensive．Although this broke the law，the American people didn't care．They got the same cup of tea at a much lower price．

The East India Company，however，didn't like this at all．By the 1760s，they were losing millions of pounds each year to Dutch traders﹣a huge amount of money in a time when￡60a year was considered a good income．Instead of reducing their prices to compete with the Dutch，the company asked the British government for help and the government agreed．

In 1767，the British introduced new law that increased the prices of all goods which were brought into America．These laws helped make the East India Company even richer and forced local people to pay much more for everything．The American leaders asked the British government not to do so，but the British refused to listen．These unfair laws increased Americans'anger about British rule and the rest，as they say，is history．

31．In the early 1700s where did most tea drunk in America come from？ 　　

A．	China
B．	India
C．	America
D．	Britain

32．The underlined word"it"in Paragraph 3refers to 　　．

A．	the tea maker
B．	the American government
C．	the British government
D．	the East India Company

33．Why did may Americans begin to buy tea from the Dutch traderfs？ 　　

A．	The tea was much cheaper．
B．	The tea was a lot healthier．
C．	They could buy it more easily．
D．	They didn't want to support the British．

34．What did the East India Company do to stop losing money？ 　　

A．	It reduced the price of its tea．
B．	It improved the taste of its tea．
C．	It introduced a new kind of tea．
D．	It asked the British government for help．

35．What is the passage mainly about？ 　　

A．	Tea trade in eighteenth﹣century America．
B．	The relationship between America and Britain．
C．	A reason for the start of the American Revolutionary War．
D．	The introduction of British tea﹣drinking habits into America．

"Save the whales!"That's what the picture on Jake Smith's bedroom wall said．Jake liked having a picture that said something important：that showed he cared．He just never expected to get a chance to save a real whale，one right in his own neighbourhood．

It was a Saturday morning when the newspaper first reported the whales'coming．A group of the animals were swimming close to the beach in Jake's hometown．All the local people rushed out to the beach to see them．They were expecting a beautiful show，better than a movie，but nothing they'd have to do anything about．

Then one whale swam in the direction，directly towards land．It came in with the waves，and when the waves receded．Its huge body rested on the sand．Suddenly，Jake and his family and all the others were no longer sightseers．They had to become rescuers．A few people ran towards the animal．They pushed and tried to force the whale back into the water，but it was no use．

An animal rescue service team soon arrived in a truck with heavy lifting machinery，to help move the animal．Jake and his family couldn't do much on the beach，so they went back to their house and made sandwiches and hot tea for the rescuers．At least，Jake thought，they could help in some way．

Back at the beach，they offered the food to the rescuers and were happy to see that it was needed．It was getting dark．Some people lined up their cars along the beach and shined the headlights on the sand．The rescuers would not give up．After trying many times they were finally able to lift the whale into the water．Everyone cheered when it headed out to sea．It swam out about a mile and then disappeared for a moment under the sea．Then，in what looked like a jump of joy，it rose high above the water﹣a thank﹣you to those who had worked so hard to save his life．

26．What does the picture on Jake's wall tell us about him？ 　　

A．	He lived near the ocean．
B．	He cared about the environment．
C．	He worked as an animal rescuer．
D．	He thought whales were the most beautiful animals．

27．Why did the local people go down to the beach that morning？ 　　

A．	To swim with the whales
B．	To help rescue the whales．
C．	To see the whales swimming．
D．	To watch a movie about whales．

28．The underlined word"receded"in Paragraph 3means 　　．

A．	didn't move
B．	went back out
C．	washed over
D．	got up

29．How did Jake and his family help save the whale？ 　　

A．	By calling the rescue service．
B．	By asking their neighbours for help．
C．	By giving the rescuers food and drink．
D．	By controlling the people on the beach．

30．In what order did the events of the whale rescue take place？ 　　

a．The whale disappeared under the sea．

b．People turned on the lights of their cars．

c．Rescuers lifted the whale into the water．

d．People pushed the whale towards the sea．

A．	e﹣d﹣b﹣c﹣a
B．	e﹣b﹣c﹣d﹣a
C．	d﹣b﹣e﹣a﹣c
D．	a﹣e﹣b﹣d﹣c．

At many Thanksgiving dinners， everyone around the table shares something they are thankful for． As we know， most can do this easily． It's more important to know how to be thankful people all the time．

Be positive（乐观）． No matter what happens， it's best to remember the good things． Find the bright side in bad situations， and push back against negative（负面的） opinions． Also， do your best not to compare yourself to others． But when you're around others， give expression to what you like about them． By keeping good in mind， you'll gibe thanks for it even more than before．

Accept the negative． At the same time， we can't pay no attention to bad things that have happened． We should learn from mistakes． It makes us become strong． Before we know it， we're thankful for negative things， too． Our mistakes can also make us humble（谦逊的）， which is not all bad． Humble people have better relationships and see life's blessings（祝福） much more clearly !

Acts of kindness． Thankful people know that it's much better to give than to receive． When you're thankful， you feel it's your duty to show love to others． Some people volunteer to help people in need． Studies show that volunteers might feel happier and healthier．

Use of time． By spending time with others， you show them how much they mean to you． But being thankful is also better realized by spending time alone． When you're alone ， you can think about the best parts of your day ．You can list them out and think them over． You can find your way to make thanksgiving a part of your life． How wonderful it is! Just enjoy it every day!

完成句子

（1）You need to find 　　in bad situations．

（2）Learning from mistakes can make us 　　and humble．

回答问题

（3）How do volunteers probably feel according to studies？

　　

找出并写下全文的主题句

（4） 　　

将文中画线句子译成汉语

（5）