Paper，zhi，was a Chinese invention.2，000 years ago，Chinese people
（1）i papermaking.This zhi was made （2）o silk and was very expensive.Only the emperor and rich people could （3）a to use it.1，900 years ago，Cai Lun improved the paper﹣making process.He made cheap jinzhi out of tree bark and old cloth.The improvement in paper﹣making spread zhi far and wide，and many different （4）k of zhi were made by Chinese people.Xuan paper，a type of high quality rice paper，best shows the charm of
（5）t Chinese painting and calligraphy （书法）.Later，Chinese zhi spread to the West via the Chinese Silk Road.
The problem some people have with homework is not that they find it too hard，or that it takes too long，but that they （1）f what they have to do and for when.This may be because they don't write down exactly what （2）n to be done，or don't make a note of when it has to be handed in.
If you have a planner for school，make good （3）u of it to record what you need to do.If not，use a diary or notebook to make notes of what has to be handed in and（4）w .
You could set up an 'in﹣tray' system，so you can see what is （5）w to be done.This is a tray or shallow box where you put your homework each night until you are （6）r to do it. .
Although no one exactly looks forward to doing homework，you will get it done more efficiently（高效地） if you are well （7）o and have time and space to concentrate（专注） on it.
For example，if your homework involves （需要） going online and you don't have your（8）o computer，make sure you 'book' some time on the family computer，or can use one in your school library.
If you have space，set up a homework 'office' （9）a at home with a table or desk and a comfortable chair.It should have good light，a place for your books，and your homework 'tool kit' .
It helps to get into a habit of doing homework early in the evening，and not （10）1 it until the last minute at weekends.After you've done it，reward yourself with some fun‘down﹣time' activities，such as some television or social networking time.
Susan is the daughter of the famous environmental scientist Clark.But the woman has become an environmentalist on her （1）o .
In 1992，the first UN Earth Summit（峰会） was held in Rio de Janeiro.Thousands of people from around the world （2）h for it to talk about the Earth' s tomorrow.Twelve﹣year﹣old Susan and three of her friends formed a group.They raised money to travel to Rio to （3）a the summit.
At the summit，Susan said that the state of the environment （4）w her a lot. "You don't know how to fix the holes in our ozone layer （臭氧层）.You don't know how to bring back forests that once（5）g where there is now desert.If you don't know how to fix the Earth，please stop（6）b it!" The six﹣minute speech silenced all the people and made them fall into deep thinking.
After that speech，Susan began to lead "two lives." On the（7）t days，she was a schoolchild.But during her vacations，she （8）s internationally about the environment.
Now，nearly 30 years has passed since Susan made her Rio speech.Although many of the world's environmental problems have only become （9）w ，Susan does agree that some things are different now.More and more people give voice like Susan because they have realized the importance of the environment.
"Thirty years ago，I was fighting for my tomorrow.Now，I am fighting for the
（10）f of my sons，" says Susan，now a mother of two，who has kept calling people's attention to climate change.
Sometimes，children can't keep a single bit of information in their mind while they are doing something else.If so，they may have problems with their working memory.It is an important （1）s for children.Here are some （2）t to help improve children's working memory.
Read actively.They may form long﹣term （长时间的） memories more （3）e when children take part in active reading.Active reading （4）i not only asking notes，but also speaking aloud and asking questions about the material that they are reading.
Use visualization （形象化） skills.When reading something，ask children to imagine the scene of the story and （5）d it.For example，ask them to set a table for a few people and have a （6）p in their mind，and then have a description.
Ask them to teach others.Teaching（7）a person means being able to understand the information well before saying it aloud.When children are learning a new skill，ask them to show others （8）h to do it.They should be able to explain it to others.
Moreover，there are lots of matching games that can be （9）p to improve their working memory，or you can use something simple （10）1 a magazine or a newspaper.Have them find a certain word as many times as they can in one minute.
Sometimes we fall in love with something at once and sometimes it takes long．The same is true with poems．If we're lucky（1）e ， we open a book and find a poem that attracts us at once．But usually we need to spend a little（2）t or make a little effort to truly understand a poem， Today I′d like to talk about reading poems in ways that make the experience better．
Reading a poem repeatedly will deepen your understanding of it．Sometimes a poem that seems（3）b on first reading becomes interesting with more reading．A poem that feels meaningless becomes deeper and more meaningful．
And sometimes you′re just not in the right mood the first time you read a poem， but（4）l it touches your heart．
Keep a（5）d at hand when you are reading poems． Poets like to use unusual words．Instead of skipping over（跳过） these words or trying to（6）g their meanings， look them up．
Read aloud and listen to the poem．Reading aloud will make the poem′s thythm clear．Besides，a poet′s reading is very helpful（7）b we can understand the poem's meanings from where the poet places emphasis（强调） or pauses（停顿）．
After you finish reading a poem， take a few moments to consider（8）w it is saying．Sometimes its meanings are better understood（9）t repeated reading．Other times they need our careful and deep thought on a poem．
It is（10）h to say whether there's a right or wrong way to read poems， but reading practices will enrich your experience， increase your enjoyment， and deepen your understanding of any poem．
Fill in each blank with a proper word with the help of the given letter.
Have you ever imagined （1）t to other countries without your paper passport？In the （2）f ，there will be a new kind of passport called the "cloud passport" and it will come into your （3）d life someday.Your paper passport will become history.
The cloud passport will have your name，photos and so on.It is easy （4）f you to check them on the computer.、
If you take a paper passport with you，you might lose it. （5）H ，with the cloud passport，you don't have to worry about that.Do you think the cloud passport is a great idea？
根据下列句子及所给汉语注释或首字母，在句子空白处写出各单词的正确形式 （每空只写一词）．
I am a plastic bottle． A week ago， I was on a supermarket shelf， I had a（1） （正常的） the same as all my brothers and sisters﹣ other bottles full of water．I felt really happy．
Then a tall woman picked me up and put me in her （2） （篮子）! The woman took me home and put me in the fridge．It was cold，but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it．However，only a few hours later，she took me out of the fridge and （3） （喝） the water inside me． Then she threw me into a dustbin（垃圾箱）． I have never felt so empty and alone in my life．
Early the next morning，a man took me out of the dustbin．He threw me and the other rubbish into the back of a truck．There were so many horrible smells．Then I was pushed （4） （一起） with the rest of the rubbish．Soon I was completely flat（平的）．I cannot （5） （相信） how thin I became．
I slept for a while．when I woke up，I found （6） （我自己） in a terrible place．Everything around me was （7） （丑陋的）and had horrible smells．I felt afraid．I kept hoping that I would be moved somewhere else．Then huge trucks came and covered us with a layer of soil．
I asked another bottle what would happen to us．He said that we would never leave this horrible crowded place，but would have to stay here for （8） （数千） of years．
"Why can't they reuse or recycle us？" I cried．
Reyes Guana grew up in a poor Mexican family． He has seven brothers and sisters． His parents always had two jobs to make ends meet． At weekends， the whole （1）f went to fields to work． When the children were young， they stayed in the car． As they grew （2）o they worked too．
As a boy， Guana was a "very shy" child who was very （3）q in school． He had few friends but he had a good relationship with the school cleaner． He liked to call the friendly lady "Nike" because she usually wore Nike clothes and shoes． Nike was well organized and the boy liked （4）h she made everything clean． He told her he wanted to be a cleaner， too． "Well， it's good if you want to be a cleaner，" Nike said to little Guana with （5）k ． "But make sure you go to college and make it as one of your steps there．"
Guana also looked up to the principal （校长） of his school． He was a tall and good﹣looking man． Also， he always went to someone in （6）n ． The principal told the boy that his job was to help students and teachers． "Wow， when I grow up， I want to do what you're doing．" "Well， you can do it!" the principal （7）r ． Guana did get there， and the two men remain friends． The former principal is now almost 90 years old．
But （8）b becoming a school principal， Guana followed in Nike's footsteps and worked for three schools in Lodi， California． And being a cleaner at a school made him think about how to show respect for everyone in an organization． In Guana's school system today， everyone is （9） i to parties and events． Everyone is important not only the people who clean the floors or drive the buses but also the people who teach the students or lead the schools．
He never （10）f where he came from， or how he felt． Now， Guana tells his own three children how important an education is for their lives．
A man had a garden． He planted a rose and watered it c（1） ． Before the rose blossomed （盛开），he noticed many thorns （刺） around the bud （花蕾） and he thought，"H（2） can any beautiful flower come from a plant with so many sharp thorns？" Because of this i（3） ， he lost interest in this kind of plant， then he gave up watering the rose． And just b（4） it was ready to blossom， it died．
Good qualities are just like roses． There is a rose in e（5） spirit． The good qualities planted in us at birth， grow among the thorns﹣our weaknesses．Many of us look at o（6） and we only see our weaknesses．We lose heart，thinking that n（7） good can possibly come from us．We give up watering the roses in us， and slowly they die． We never realize the g（8） of being able to find out our good qualities．
Someone may not see the rose in himself，so we need to help him d（9） the rose．With love， we can accept a person into our life，even though we know his true weaknesses．At the same time，we should e（10） him to face his weaknesses bravely and correct them． Then he will blossom many times．
Our lives changed tracks the day our son was born． We （1）w whether we should move back to our home country Brazil． I remember looking down at our newborn baby and thinking about how different his life would be there．
During the ten years away from my big family and my culture， I missed the delicious foods，samba，Brazilian jujitsu（柔术）， and sunny skies．My wife （2）m our homeland too．As a musician，it would be （3）e for her to do her work in Brazil． But in the United Kingdom， I had the funding and lab resources for my research． Would such a move be a disadvantage to my career？
A few weeks later， my brother called from Brazil， telling me that our father had passed away． The great happiness I felt about my son’s birth suddenly gave way to deep （4）s ． We had no doubt it was the right time to （5）r to Brazil． We applied for the professor positions at a university in our hometown and （6）b received offers．
（7）H ， it wasn’t easy getting started with my research in Brazil． I didn’t receive any startup funding for my lab． Now， thanks to Brazilian funding， I have a team of bright young scientists and can （8）a expensive lab resources．
We are living the lives we wanted to liveworking on rewarding research and feeling closer to our family and （9）c in our home country． My son is growing up close to his cousins． I take up Brazilian jujitsu training， which I haven’t been able to do during my years （10）a ． My wife and I feel happy to find a way home．
Donna Reid had just finished her training as a children's doctor． A famous research hospital in New York had offered her a job with （1）g pay． And her boyfriend， Tony， had a clinic（小诊所） in their hometown and hoped she could work with him． At the same time， a small hospital， Backwoods Hospital， in a very poor area had also offered Donna a job． Now it was time for her to decide （2）w to work．
Dad： Donna， that research hospital in New York has a good reputation（声誉） for children's medicine． Some of the best children's doctors in the country work there and you can （3）l a lot from them．
Mom： Yes， I agree it's a good hospital and the pay is good， too． But， that's not the point（要点）．
Dad： （4）T what's the point？
Mom： It's in New York， too far away! Let me tell you， dear Donna． Tony's clinic is just several miles away． You don't need to travel （5）f if you work there． Tony is a nice young man and I guess you'll get married soon．
Dad： Ha! It's hard enough to live with a husband or wife． Working with them， （6）t ？ That's a choice for trouble． Well， Donna， what do you think？
Donna： I'm thinking about （7）a the offer from Backwoods Hospital．
Dad： But Donna， look at their offer! You'll be on call（随时待命） six days a week． That's really a （8）h job．
Mom： Oh， Donna， the pay is another problem．
Donna： Mom and Dad， I didn't become a doctor for enjoying a comfortable life（9）o ．
Dad： No？ Then （10）w did you become a doctor？
Donna： I want to help people． You know that． And Backwoods serves the poor． Backwoods， here I come!
An old lady went into the building of a bank one day， carrying a large bag of money．She asked to speak with the president of the bank．
" How can I help you？" the bank president asked． She replied，"I would like to open a savings account（存款账户），" and placed the bag of （1）m on his desk． The president was surprised to see this， so he asked her，"Madam， how did you make this money？ " The old lady （2）r ，"1 make bets（赌注）．" Surprised， the president then asked "What kind of bet？" The old woman said， "Well， for example， I'll bet you 5，000，000 yuan that your tongue will become square by 10 o'clock tomorrow morning．" "what？" the president asked．He then smiled and said，"You've got yourself a bet! "and shook her hand （3）h
The old lady said， "Okay． May I bring my lawyer with me tomorrow （4）a a witness （见证者）？""Sure!" the president confidently replied．
The next morning， at 10， the old lady showed （5）u with her lawyer at the president's office． She asked the president to （6）o his mouth so they could all see． The old lady looked closely at his tongue and then asked （7）i she could touch it．
"Well， 5，000，000 yuan is a lot of money． I guess it's okay，" the president said．
At this moment， he saw that the lawyer was quietly hitting his head （8）a t the wall．The president asked， "What is the （9）m with your lawyer？"The old lady answered， "I bet him 10，000，000 that I would （10）t the tongue of the president of this bank at 10 am today．"
The Chinese life is colorful with many interesting folk ways.The Lantern Festival is on the 15th day of the first lunar month，it has a Chinese name Yuanxiao Festival.Yuanxiao comes from the （1）f that people call the first lunar month the Yuan Month and night Xiao.The night of the 15th day of the first lunar month （2）m the beginning of the first full moon.On the Lantern Festival，the Chinese people have the custom of
（3）e lanterns and eating glutinous rice dumplings.There is a common saying that"Playing on the Lantern Festival."
The custom started during the Han Dynasty，and has a （4）h of more than 2000 years.On that night，every place is decorated with lanterns and streamers（饰带） and there is a bustling atmosphere.As night （5）f ，people go in crowds to the sea of colorful lanterns：palace lanterns，wall lamps，figure lanterns，flower lanterns，revolving horse lanterns，animal lanterns，and toy lanterns，of all types and （6）c .Some lanterns have riddles（谜语） on them，which encourage people to try to be the （7）f to find the answer.
It is （8）a a traditional custom to eat glutinous rice dumplings at this time.As early as the Song Dynasty，there was such a kind of food，a round ball （9）m of glutinous rice flour with a filling of sugar and kernels（果仁）.Since it is eaten on the Lantern Festival，people call it yuanxiao.The Chinese people hope that （10）e is satisfactory （yuanman in Chinese），and to eat glutinous rice dumplings on the first night with a full moon in a year is to wish that family members will remain united，harmonious，happy and satisfied.
Dear Peter，
I'm so excited． Guess what﹣it's my Dad's 40th b（1） next week，so we're going to London to celebrate it! Cool， ch？
We're flying over on Thursday evening．As soon as we a（2） ，we'll go on a tour of the city． We'll take a trip on the River Thanes， which divides the city into two parts． This way， we can see almost every place of i （3） in London．
On F（4） morning， we're going to the Tate Modern． Since it's not f（5） from our hotel， we're going to the London Eye． I can't w（6） to see the Houses of Parliament from up there!
Saturday is for s（7） ． Mum advises me to buy a teddy bear for my cousin as a p（8） ．We're going to Portobello Road in the morning．Then in the afternoon，we'll visit Harrods﹣ the most famous shop in London! Dad's not very happy about it， but I'm sure he'll e（9） it when we're there．
On Sunday morning， we're going to Hyde Park，and we're going home by p（10） in the afternoon．
It's my dream trip ﹣and it's happening!
Hope everything's OK with you．
Lots of love，
Cynthia
It was Monday morning， and the writing class had just begun． Everyone was silent，waiting to see （1）w would be called to read his or her article aloud．Some of us were confident and couldn't wait to take （2）p in the class activity；others were nervous．I had done my homework，but I was shy ﹣ I was （3）a to speak in front of a large group of people．At that moment， I remembered that my father（4）o said， "The classroom is a place for learning and that （5）i learning from textbooks， and mistakes as well．" Immediately， I raised my hand．
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