初中英语说明文试题

  For some people, music is no fun at all. About 4% of the population is what scientists call “amusic”. People who are amusic are born without the ability to enjoy musical notes. Amusic people often cannot tell the differences between two songs.
As a result, songs sound like noise to an amusic. Many amuics compare the sound of music to pieces of metal hitting each other. Life can be hard for amusics. In fact, most people cannot understand what it feel like be amusic. Just going to a restaurant or a shopping center can be uncomfortable or even painful. That is why many amusics have to stay away from places where there is music. However, this can result in social loneliness. “I used to hate parties,” says Margaret, a seventy-year-old woman who only recently discovered that she was amusic. By studying people like Margaret, scientists are finally learning how to identify(辨别) this unusual condition.
Scientists say that the brains of amusics are different for those of people who can enjoy music. The difference is complex(复杂的), and it is not connected with poor hearing. Amusics can understand other non-musical sounds well. They also have no problems understanding common speech. Scientists compare amusics to people who just can’t see certain colors.
Many amusics are happy when their condition is finally diagnosed(诊断). For years, Margaret felt embarrassed about her problem music. Now she knows that she is not alone. That makes it easier for her to explain. “When people invite me to a concert, I just say ”No, thanks. I’m amusic.’” says Margret.
Amusics are the people who _________.

A．like music	B．have poor listening
C．don’t like music	D．are born unable to enjoy music

Life is hard for amusics mainly because _________.

A．music seems noise for them.

B．people don’t understand amusics

C．amusics try to stay at places full of music

D．amusics hate parties, restaurants or shopping center.

Scientists identify amusics by _________.

A．studying different kinds of music

B．going to parties regularly

C．studying amusic people

D．comparing music to colors

What causes amusics different from most people according to scientists?

A．Their brains.

B．Their poor hearing.

C．Their lack of colors.

D．Their problems with speech.

What is the main idea of the passage?

A．Amusics’ strange behaviors.

B．Musical ability.

C．Some people’s inability to enjoy music.

D．Identification and treatment of amusic.

李霞要参加一次西式商务餐，但她对餐具的正确使用不清楚，所以她从网上下载了以下这份资料，从A-E选择与1-4对应的物品，并回答第5题。

A．Water

B．Wine

C．Dessert

D．Soup E. Bread and butter

Which column can Li Xiang get the above information?

A．Sports

B．Health

C．Etiquette

D．Music

In the US， lots of people have waimai， or food delivered to their home． Pizza and Chinese food are popular． The delivery （1） 　　can usually get the food to your door in half an hour．

But waimai for other things is not so quick in the US． For example， if you order toothpaste or cooking oil， it will usually（2） 　　at least one day to arrive．

Here in China． I can order nearly anything and get it（3） 　　just 30 to 45 minutes． Did I forget to buy onions and cabbages for making dinner？ No problem ﹣﹣waimai will deliver it soon． There is even waimai for things（4） 　　medicine and snacks．

Some people say this makes people lazier．I guess they're not wrong．But I really love the（5） 　　life．

（1）A． drivers	B． postmen	C． policemen	D． cleaners
（2）A． spend	B． cost	C． take	D． pay
（3）A． at	B． for	C． after	D． in
（4）A． as for	B． such as	C． rather than	D． instead of
（5）A． comfortable	B． convenient	C． careful	D． common

The seasons in Australia are not like ours.  When it is winter in China, it is summer there.  Australia is in the south of the world. June, July and August are the winter months; September., October and November are spring; summer is in December, January and February; and March, April and May are the autumn months. The north of the country is hotter than the south.
A very large part of the country has no rain at all. The east coast (海岸）has rain all the year round. There are no dry months there. The southeast winds bring rain from the sea. There is not much rain on the west side. The southeast part of Australia has summer rain from the southeast winds. They only blow here in summer.
The southwest part of Australia also has winter rain. The west winds blow over the southwest in winter only. In summer, the southwest of the country has no rain. In the north of Australia there is no rain in winter. The rain comes in summer. The northwest winds bring it.
What season is it in Australiawhen it is summer in China ? (No more than 1 word)
________________________________________________.
Which months are autumn in Australia ? (No more than 4 words)
___________________________________________________.
Which part of Australia has the most of rain? (No more than 3 words)
_____________________________________________.
Is there summer rain in the southeast of Australia ? (No more than 3 words)
____________________________________________.
What bring rain to the north of Australia in summer? (No more than 3 words)
_______________________________________________.

     A zero﹣waste life is a lifestyle that hardly creates any rubbish．So，a zero﹣waste theme store is about （1）　　people with a number of every day，practical and pleasant zero﹣waste products to help them start on a one﹣stop，zero﹣waste life journey．

      "Zero waste"or "danshari "was first （2）　　by a French woman Bea Johnson．"Live a life and try not to create any rubbish；use different methods to protect the earth．" she said．

       Yu Yuan，27 ，is（3）　　attracted by this idea．

       She and her boyfriend have lived in Beijing for many years．And earlier she used to be a customer without thinking a lot （4）　　she saw a video about"zero waste"．

     The （5）　　 is about a family of four，and the rubbish they produce every year is placed in a jar．

    After watching the video，Yu wanted to（6）　　this zero﹣waste lifestyle with her boyfriend．

     Yu says that a zero﹣waste life （7）　　the 6R principle﹣﹣Refuse，Reduce ，Reuse，Repair，Recycle and Rot（腐烂）．

     Over August﹣October when Yu followed the principle of zero waste 6R，she and her boyfriend Joe Harvey both （8）　　only two cans of rubbish．

      Now，the couple have opened a small （9）　　called The Bulk House in Nanluoguxiang，Beijing，to support a zero﹣waste life．

       At the store they use environmentally friendly products．For example，they use wood products to

replace （10）　　ones and prepare cloth bags printed with zero﹣waste logos for customers．Most of the products sold in the store can be reused，and a small number of （11）　_　which are not recyclable can egrade（分解）．The store （12）　　has secondhand books and audio﹣visual CD/DVDs．

    For used toiletries（things like soap and toothpaste that are used for cleaning yourself）there is company which accepts them，and the couple regularly mails their waste to it．

       Yu says that those who were once not （13）　　in the zero﹣waste lifestyle have gradually changed because of curiosity．The zero﹣waste lifestyle，she adds，is for everyone．

      "It's （14）　　us at our fingertips．"Yu expects some of her friends to （15）　　her on the road to zero waste．As the saying goes，many hands make light work．

（1）A．offering	B．providing	C．giving	D．affording
（2）A．invented	B．found	C．discovered	D．suggested
（3）A．hardly	B．luckily	C．clearly	D．deeply
（4）A．unless	B．until	C．after	D．when
（5）A．video	B．film	C．article	D．newspaper
（6）A．experience	B．change	C．represent	D．spend
（7）A．accepts	B．receives	C．follows	D．believes
（8）A．saved	B．produced	C．kept	D．wasted
（9）A．shop	B．factory	C．hotel	D．company
（10）A．paper	B．cloth	C．silk	D．plastic
（11）A．it	B．them	C．their	D．its
（12）A．too	B．either	C．also	D．only
（13）A．proud	B．worried	C．amazed	D．interested
（14）A．behind	B．around	C．ahead	D．above
（15）A．organize	B．record	C．join	D．encourage

Do you like exercising in the sun？ How much sunlight do you get every day？ How much time do you spend in the（1） 　　？ As we all know ， enough sunlight is good for our health． It gives us strong bones （骨骼） and good eyesight． It makes us happy and sleep better． Now scientists find out that it can even make you（2） 　　．

Scientists did tests on mice． They give mice lots of sunlight． After that， the mice （3） 　_____　a special thing named glutamic acid（谷氨酸） in their bodies． Glutamic acid does many things for our body．It can improve some of our abilities such as learning and remembering things．

It is OK to enjoy some sunlight for about an hour every day． But you should be （4） 　____because it is summer now．The sun is very strong around noon．Keep yourself away from the sun around the noon，or it may （5） 　　your skin（皮肤）． It is best to enjoy sunlight in the morning or before sunset．

Why not go out and enjoy the （6） 　　with your family or your best friends？ I'm sure you can be smarter soon．

（1）A． moon	B． sun	C． night
（2）A． smarter	B． taller	C． thinner
（3）A． invent	B． find	C． produce
（4）A． careful	B． serious	C． clever
（5）A． shine	B． burn	C． dry
（6）A． time	B． air	C． sunlight

Height is just one of the thousands of features that your genes (基因) decide. In fact, because you have two parents, your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere between the height of each parent. If both your parents are tall, then maybe you will be tall, too, but if you have questions about how tall you’re going to be, ask your doctor if he or she can help you find it out.
But genes don’t decide everything. For example, eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to your full potential (潜力). Getting enough sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the right height.
Maybe you’re wondering how fast you should grow. There’s no right answer. Kids grow about 2 inches (5 centimeters) a year between age 3 and the time they start puberty（青春期） .
Your doctor will know how your growth (生长) has been going over the years. Two centimeters here and 2 inches there are not nearly as important as the height you’re at now, how you’ve been growing up to this point, and what other changes your body may be going through.
Don’t be worried if you have grown a lot in a very short time. Everyone has a very quick growth during puberty. The age for starting puberty is about 10 for girls and about 11 for boys. But it can be earlier or later —between 7 and 13 for girls, 9 and 15 for boys.
You’ll usually begin to find that you’re growing faster about a year after your body starts to show the first changes of puberty.
If you want to know how fast and how tall you should grow, _______.

A．you should have enough exercise

B．you can ask doctors for help

C．you should protect the environment

D．you can record your growth during puberty

This passage is mainly about _______.

A．how the genes work in your body

B．when the time you grow fast is

C．why you look like your parents

D．how you grow to a certain (某一) height

After reading this passage, we can explain (解释) _______.

A．how good it is to be a doctor

B．how much sleep we need

C．why genes can’t decide everything

D．what an unhealthy diet is

Now people can pay by scanning（扫描）their faces while shopping． Is it（1） 　　to pay by scanning other parts of our bodies？ Amazon has a new technology that scans（2） 　　．

The technology can tell if the person is the right one by scanning his or her hand． The scanner examines things such as finger prints． It then sends a picture to a certain center which can decide who the person is．

In September 2019， Amazon made a payment system for a US supermarket． People can pay （3） 　　by scanning their hands under a machine． Their hand scan is connected to their bank cards， so they can pay successfully． It's quite convenient， especially for（4）___ 　　people． With this new technology， people（5） 　　take their cards with them． They just scan their hands．

（1）A． possible	B． important	C． strange
（2）A． eyes	B． faces	C． hands
（3）A． usually	B． simply	C． really
（4）A． old	B． poor	C． smart
（5）A． mustn't	B． can't	C． needn't

The 4 Smallest Countries In The World

Nauru – 21 km² Located east of Australia， Nauru is the smallest island country in the world. It is also a country with the most overweight people in the world， with 97% of its men and 93% of women being overweight.

Tuvalu – 26 km² Located in the Pacific Ocean， west of Australia. There are about 10，000 people， with 8 km of roads， and only 1 hospital on the main island. Since it’s a difficult place to get to， in 2010， only about 2，000 visitors came to Tuvalu.

Vatican – 0.44 km² The world’s smallest country is the Vatican， also known as the Holy See. This country fits within the Italian capital city of Rome. It is also home to the biggest church in the world – St. Peter’s Basilica， and holds some of the most important art works.

Monaco – 2 km² Located on the French Riviera， Monaco is home to the largest number of rich people per capital in the world. With a population of over 36，000， Monaco is the world’s most densely (密集地) populated country. People there are mostly French-speaking. The most popular event is the Formula 1 race， held there every year.

Which is the smallest island country?

A．Nauru.

B．Tuvalu.

C．Vatican.

D．Monaco.

What’s the area of Vatican?

A．21 km².

B．26 km².

C．0.44 km².

D．2 km².

Which of the following about Monaco is TRUE?

A．It’s the world’s smallest country.

B．It’s the most difficult place to get to.

C．It has the most overweight people in the world.

D．It’s the world’s most densely populated country.

A famous designer（设计师） and a university student produce a new cup called Vessyl．They have spent several years （1）　　it．The smart cup can not only tell Coca Cola from Pepsi Cola，（2）　　also tell people whether they should drink water or not．

    When people（3）　　liquid（液体） into this smart cup，a few seconds（秒） later，it can check this kind of liquid and tell them what it is．Then it gives（4）　information of the drink，such as sugar，fat and calorie．When people put the cup in their （5）　　，it can also show them the condition of their bodies．If they are （6）　　．Vessyl can tell them to drink water．

    "My partner and I want people to （7）　　 healthy．In modern society，people are usually （8）　　 busy to do exercise，or even drink enough water every day．They have much （9）　　．We produce this smart cup so that people can make a choice （10）　　．"the designer said．

（1）A．in	B．on	C．at	D．of
（2）A．and	B．though	C．nor	D．but
（3）A．pour	B．pull	C．lift	D．regard
（4）A．a few	B．a lot	C．lots of	D．many
（5）A．desks	B．hands	C．bags	D．mouths
（6）A．full	B．hungry	C．thirsty	D．awful
（7）A．carry	B．have	C．touch	D．keep
（8）A．too	B．to	C．so	D．very
（9）A．danger	B．pressure	C．power	D．laughter
（10）A．quietly	B．hardly	C．wisely	D．recently

Riding a Mobike on the street， you might hear some people speaking Chinese aloud． Turning to the right， you see a Sichuan﹣style restaurant． After walking into a store， you see that Huawei smartphones are （1）　　．

    But you're not in China﹣﹣you're in Manchester in Britain． In fact， you might see （2）_____ things in many other cities． Chinese products have been （3）　　worldwide．

    Chinese food has been enjoyed in western countries for a long time． To （4）　　local people's tastes， Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the （5）　　． Unlike Chinese， Australian people don't like to eat meat with the bone （6）　　， so Chinese restaurants there provide big pieces of meat without bones， （7）　　 for fish．

    Some Chinese brands（品牌）are also becoming more （8）　　． In many cities in Europe， stores sell TCL televisions， Haier fridges and Lenovo computers． And more than half of US﹣owned drones （无人机）are Chinese models． They're not simply made in China， but designed and developed in the （9）　　．

    In the past， most western people thought Chinese products were cheap and not dependable． But now， things have changed greatly． "Made in China" becomes cool． More and more people （10）　　Chinese brands．

（1）A． for fun	B． at work	C．on sale	D． in use
（2）A． similar	B． different	C．common	D． unusual
（3）A． stored	B． collected	C．received	D．accepted
（4）A． meet	B． copy	C．spread	D． answer
（5）A． kitchens	B． drinks	C． dishes	D． services
（6）A．up	B．out	C．on	D． in
（7）A． just	B． even	C．yet	D． still
（8）A．traditional	B． expensive	C． practical	D． popular
（9）A． country	B． circle	C． field	D． town
（10）A． sell	B． trust	C．improve	D．question

It was more than 80 years ago， when an army quietly passed across the Yudu River in Ganzhou ，Jiangxi． They were the Chinese Central Red Army． They decided to start a （1） 　　and hand march． It was （2） 　　known as the long March．This year is the 83 ^rdyear of the victory of the famous march．Let's learn something about it．

During the long March， the Chinese Central Red Amy passed many places． They （3） 　　from Jiangxi， passed through several provinces and finally arrived in Shaanxi． It is said that they （4） 　　about 25，000 li（ about 12，500 kilometers） during the Long March．

At school， you may have learned in books that soldiers （5） 　　many difficulties． They lived a（6） 　　life and fought against the enemies． They crossed Chishuihe for four times， （7） 　　many kinds of difficulties， In Sichuan， soldiers spent a hard time creeping（匍匐）across Luding Chain Bridge， which was （8） 　　13 iron chains（铁链）， in the middle of gun fire． They also climbed （9） 　　the snowy Jianjin Mountain，which was 4，930 meters high． They didn't have enough food to eat，so they often went （10） 　　for days． And they didn't have enough （11） 　　to stay away from the cold．Many soldiers （12） 　　． About 86，000 people took part in the march，（13） 　　only about 7， 000 were left when they arrived in Shaanxi．

Today， we can visit the places that they once passed through． This way，we may truly understand the （14） 　　of the Long March ： Never be （15） 　　of difficulties and never give up hope．

（1）A．short	B．long	C．slow	D．quick
（2）A．finally	B．gradually	C．famously	D．probably
（3）A．returned	B．studied	C．hid	D．started
（4）A．drove	B．flew	C．walked	D．rode
（5）A．looked through	B．went through	C．thought of	D．heard of
（6）A．hard	B．normal	C．boring	D．successful
（7）A．remaining	B．making	C．avoiding	D．facing
（8）A．made up of	B．made into	C．made by	D．made for
（9）A．through	B．over	C．into	D．on
（10）A．hungry	B．thirsty	C．lonely	D．angry
（11）A．energy	B．money	C．matches	D．clothes
（12）A．escaped	B．died	C．cried	D．feared
（13）A．though	B．because	C．so	D．but
（14）A．influence	B．meaning	C．spirit	D．result
（15）A．afraid	B．shy	C．tired	D．proud

Can you remember a world before the Internet? If you answer is “no” then you are probably a millennial．Millennials are the new generation of young Americans．They were born between l982 and l992．There are 33 million of them，and they are just starting to enter the workforce（劳动力）．Many experts believe that millennials are different from young Americans of past generations．They also believe that millenials will change the workforce in important ways．
How are millennials different? They are the first generation born in the computer age．The internet has always been a part of their lives．They spend about l 6 hours a week on the Internet，and this doesn’t include e-mail．And they spend 72 hours a week using other electronic media（媒体），including mobile phones and video games．They are “nation speakers” of the language of the computer age．People who were born earlier will never be native speakers of that language．Why not? They did not grow up “speaking” it．
How will millennials change the workforce? To answer that question，it is important to understand how millennials use the Internet．They use the Internet to communicate．They visit website such as FaceBook and MySpace every day．They share（分享）ideas，music， information，games，and friendships with people all over the world．When they start working，they will want to share their work and ideas with others．
It is also important to understand the way millennials grew up．Their parents and teachers gave them a lot of attention．They taught them that their opinions were valuable（有价值的）．As a result，many millennials are very confident．At work，they will expect their co-workers and bosses to listen to their opinions．
Millennials also grew up with a lot of structure in their lives．Many of them went to school from the age of two or three and played on sports teams．At work，they will expect the rules to be clear．They will also expect a strong but fair boss，like a coach on a sports team．They will follow the person in charge（主管）if he or she is fair．But they will not follow an unfair boss．They will also expect their work to be fun and creative，similar to their experience on a sports team．
These are a few of the changes that experts believe millennials will bring to the American workforce．But the world is changing very fast．There will probably be more changes that are difficult to imagine today．
According to the first paragraph of the passage，which of the following is NOT true?

A．Millennials belong to a new generation．

B．Millennials were born about ten years ago．

C．Millennials are entering the workforce．

D．Millennials know little about the world before the Internet．

Which is the main reason that make the experts believe millennials are different from young Americans of past generations?

A．Millennials can speak a better native language．

B．Millennials grow up with computers and Internet．

C．Millennials use mobile phones and e-mails often．

D．Millennials spend long hours playing video games．

Why do the millennials expect to share their work and ideas with others?

A．Because they know how to use the Internet to make new friends．

B．Because they understand how to communicate with new friends．

C．Because they grow up sharing ideas，music，information，games，and friendships with others by the Internet．

D．Because the Internet can provide all the information they need．

According to the passage，which of the following is NOT true?

A．Millennials grow up with more attention from their parents and teachers．

B．Many millennials are showing more confident than others at work．

C．Many millennials give more valuable opinions to their c0—workers and bosses．

D．Many of the millennials have had fun and creative experiences when they are on sports teams．

From the passage we know that ________．

A．the number of the millennials had come to 33 million by the end of l982

B．most of the millennnials learn native computer language in schools．

C．millennials require their bosses to be healthier and the rules clearer at work

D．more changes will probably be brought to the American workforce by millennials

先阅读（A）、(B)两篇短文，然后根据题目要求及所给语境完成下列四项任务。

careful  rule   finish  something  learn

 
A good way to pass an examination is to work hard every day in the year. You may fail in the examination if you are lazy for most of the year and then work hard only a few days before the examination. If you are taking an English examination, don't learn only         of grammar.
Try to read stories in English and speak in English whenever you can. A few days before examination you should start going to bed early. Do not stay up late at night       things. Before you start the examination, read        over the examination paper. Try to understand the exact meaning of each question before you pick up your pen to write. When you have at last       your examination, read your answers, correct any mistakes that you see and make sure that you have not          out.
(B)
As we all know, books teach us to learn life, truth, science and many other useful things. They increase our knowledge, open our minds and strengthen our character. In other words, they are our good teachers and wise friends. This is the reason why our parents always encourage us to read more books. Reading is a good thing, but we must pay great attention to the choice of books. It is true that we can get benefits from good books. Textbooks, newspapers, magazines and other kinds of reading materials can help us know more about the outside world and help us grow into an excellent person. Besides, reading is also one of the most important ways to learn a foreign language like English. Reading makes a full man! Let’s start reading now.
任务1：用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。（每空一词，每词限用一次）
任务2：根据英文释义及首字母提示，拼写单词。
c________: something that you can choose
i________:to become or make sth greater in number , quality, size and so on
任务3：同义词转换，每空一词。
Besides, reading is also among the most important ways to learn a foreign language like English.
_____
______, reading is also among the most important ways to learn a foreign language like English.
任务4：根据短文内容简答问题。
What can textbooks, newspapers, magazines and other kinds of reading materials help us know about?
______________________________________

通读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项

Every April， there is a special day in China． It is called Qingming Festival，also called Tomb ﹣Sweeping Day． on that the day，people（1） 　　and honor （纪念） their ancestors （祖先）．

Qingming is a（n）（2） 　　Chinese festival． It has a long history． It began over 2，000 years ago．A famous poem（3） 　　the Tang Dynasty poet Du Mu describes the day： "Rains fall heavily as Qingming comes， and passers﹣by（行人） with lowered spirits go．"

Tomb﹣Sweeping Day has been a public（4） 　　on the Chinese mainland（中国大陆） since 2008． On this day，（5） 　　bring flowers， food and wine to their ancestors' tombs （坟墓）． They put food like cakes and fruits in front of the tombs． After that， they（6） 　 C 　the dirt off the tombs and remember their dead family members．

（7） 　　do Chinese people do this？ That's because people think that visiting tombs is to（8） 　　respect （尊重） to their dead family members．

However， Tomb﹣Sweeping Day is not only about this． During that time， the weather is becoming （9） 　　． People are also able to garden （从事园艺）and enjoy outdoor activities． Families often （10） 　　for outings （远足） or fly kites at this time．

（1）A．remember	B．meet	C．see	D．find
（2）A． popular	B． famous	C． traditional	D． unhappy
（3）A．for	B．by	C． with	D． as
（4）A． weekend	B． weekday	C． journey	D． holiday
（5）A． classes	B． families	C． friends	D． groups
（6）A． turn	B． keep	C． sweep	D． go
（7）A． Why	B． When	C． Where	D． Who
（8）A． bring	B． show	C． make	D． take
（9）A． warmer	B． colder	C． cooler	D． shorter
（10）A． have fun	B．work hard	C． pull together	D． get together